Likopo tsa Bohlokoa le Boleng ba Indasteri ba Phofo e Nyane ea Taemane e Hloekileng ka ho Fetisisa/E Ntle ka ho Fetisisa
Phofo e nyane ea taemane e nepahetseng haholo le e ntle haholo, e le kabo e thata ka ho fetisisa, e bohale ka ho fetisisa, le e laolehang ka ho fetisisa ea boholo ba likaroloana e fumanehang hona joale, e fetoha thepa ea bohlokoa e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka tlhahisong ea ho nepahala. Ka litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha tsa boleng ba bokaholimo, ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso, le ts'epo ea thepa ho tsoa liindastering tse kang optics, elektroniki, li-semiconductor le matla a macha,phofo e nyenyane ea taemanee fetoha ho tloha ho sileng le ho polishing ea setso ho ea tlhahisong e phahameng ka ho nepahala ho hoholo, 'me boholo ba ts'ebeliso ea eona bo ntse bo atoloha ka ho tsoelang pele. Likaroloana tsa phofo ea taemane e nyane ka kakaretso li pakeng tsa 0.1–10 μm, 'me phofo ea submicron le ea nano-size ultrafine e fetoha lintho tsa mantlha tse sebelisoang tlhahisong e tsoetseng pele. Li na le bothata bo phahameng haholo ba Mohs 10, conductivity e phahameng ea mocheso, coefficient e tlase ea khohlano, le bokhoni ba ho seha bo nyenyane bo hlahisoang nakong ea ts'ebetso, e leng se nolofalletsang ho qeta bokaholimo ba athomo holim'a thepa e sebetsitsoeng. Sena se bonahala haholo-holo mohatong oa ho qetela oa ho polishing oa lilense tsa optical, safire, ceramics, likristale tsa laser, li-wafer tsa semiconductor, le litšepe tse thata haholo, moo li bonts'ang melemo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka.
Masimong a optics le lasers,phofo ea taemane e ntle haholoe sebediswa haholoholo bakeng sa ho bentsha khalase ya optical ka nepo e phahameng, dikristale tsa infrared, difensetere tsa safire, diipone tse bontshang kganya e phahameng, le dikristale tsa laser. Indasteri ya optics e hloka ho ba thata haholo hodima bokahodimo, hangata e hlokang Ra < 1 nm. Meeli e bohale ya ho seha ya phofo ya daemane, e sebetsang ka mokgwa o se nang tshenyo e tlase, e fokotsa ka katleho dikarolo tsa kgatello le mapetso a manyane, e ntlafatsa phetiso ya lesedi le tshebetso ya optical. Ha ho sebetswa khalase ya mohala wa thelefono ya safire, difensetere tsa infrared, difilthara tsa puisano, le dilense tsa laser resonator, di-slurries tsa daemane, di-pad tsa daemane tsa polishing, le di-suspension tsa daemane ke dintho tsa bohlokwa tse ka jewang. Ho feta moo, phofo e ntle haholo e boetse e sebediswa ditshebetsong tsa MRF (magnetorheological rheological polishing) le CMP (chemical mechanical polishing). Ka taolo e nepahetseng ya boholo ba dikarolwana le theknoloji ya ho roala bokahodimo, ho seha ho tshwanang le ho bentsha ho se nang sekoli se seholo ho fihlellwa, ho ntlafatsa haholo bokgoni ba ho sebetsana le tlhahiso le tlhahiso ya dikarolo tsa optical.
Indastering ea semiconductor le ea elektroniki, phofo ea taemane e nepahetseng haholo e sebelisoa ho sileng le ho bents'a li-wafer tsa silicon, silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), li-substrate tsa safire, le li-wafer tsa semiconductor tse kopantsoeng. Ka kholo e phatlohang ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa SiC le indasteri ea semiconductor ea moloko oa boraro, ho thatafala ho hoholo le ho robeha ha li-wafer ho beha litlhoko tse phahameng ho lisebelisoa tse silang. Phofo e nyane ea taemane e ka tlosa thepa kapele nakong ea mohato oa ho sila le ho fokotsa ho rarahana ha bokaholimo ho ea boemong ba nanometer nakong ea mohato oa ho bents'a, ea fokotsa tšenyo ea bokaholimo 'me kahoo ea ntlafatsa chai ea sesebelisoa le ts'ebetso ea ho qhala mocheso. Indastering ea phanele ea ponts'o, phofo e nyane ea taemane e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho bents'a ka nepo haholo likoahelo tsa khalase, khalase ea oache, khalase ea sekoahelo sa 3D, le likarolo tsa optical tsa AR/VR. Bokhoni ba eona bo phahameng ba ts'ebetso bo ka khutsufatsa potoloho ea ho bopa, ea ntlafatsa botsitso ba sehlahisoa, 'me ea ntlafatsa haholo chai ea mola oa tlhahiso le nako ea potoloho.
Masimong a thatafetseng haholo joalo ka carbide e samentetsoeng, liseramike le metsoako ea matrix ea tšepe, phofo e nyane ea taemane e ntle haholo e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho sila ka nepo mathōko a lisebelisoa, ho bentša hlobo ka nepo, ho matlafatsa bokaholimo ba likarolo tsa sebopeho sa sefofane, le ho etsa ka nepo. Leha lisebelisoa tsa carbide e samentetsoeng li ka ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ho tsofala le ho seha bophelo ka mor'a ho se sebetse le ho bentša,phofo e nyenyane ea taemane e ka finyella ho seha ha micro ha e ntse e boloka bohale, e leng se fellang ka sebopeho se lekanang le se chitja se secha. Indastering ea hlobo e nepahetseng, joalo ka liforomo tsa ente, liforomo tsa ho lahla die, le liforomo tsa optical, ho polishing phofo ea daemane micron ho ka fihlella litlamorao tse kang seipone sa sub-nanometer, ho ntlafatsa haholo bophelo ba hlobo, ho fokotsa ts'ebetso, le boleng ba ho bopa. Indastering ea likoloi, ea lifofane le ea lisebelisoa tsa matla, phofo ea daemane micron e boetse e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho sila ka nepo haholo ha thepa e itseng e ikhethang, joalo ka likarolo tsa turbine e thata ea ceramic, li-superalloy tse thehiloeng ho nickel, le metsoako ea carbon fiber, e fang likarolo ts'epo e phahameng le botsitso ba ts'ebetso.
Ha masimo a tshebediso a ntse a tswela pele ho atoloha, theknoloji ya ho lokisa phofo ya micron ya daemane e nepahetseng haholo le yona e ntse e ntlafatswa kamehla. Hona jwale, mekgwa e meholo ya ho lokisa e kenyelletsa ho sila taemane ya maiketsetso e matla haholo, ho phatloha (nanodaemane), mekgwa ya dikhemikhale, le mekgwa ya ho fetola bokahodimo. Ho fihlela ditlhoko tse hodimo tsa botsitso le ho emiswa diindastering tsa optics le semiconductor, phofo ya micron ya boleng bo hodimo hangata e kwahelwa, jwalo ka ka ditshipi, di-inorganic, di-organic le di-surfactants, ka hona ho ntlafatsa ho qhalana, ho hanyetsa mocheso le botsitso ba ho sebetsa. Taemane e nang le dimela tse ntle haholo e nkela sebaka sa setso butle-butle.thepa ea ho bentšatse kang cerium oxide lealuminalits'ebetsong tsa CMP, ho ntlafatsa ho batalatsa le ho sebetsa hantle ha li-wafer le likarolo tsa optical. Nakong e tlang, ka nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso e bohlale, puisano ea quantum, lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse nepahetseng le lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa optoelectronic, phofo e nyane ea taemane e nepahetseng haholo e tla tsoela pele ho atolosa meeli ea ts'ebeliso ea eona 'me e be thepa ea bohlokoa ea bohlokoa indastering ea ts'ebetso ea thepa.